SpaceRef - Exploration and Missions - Human Missions

SpaceRef - Exploration and Missions - Human Missions - Human Exploration of Mars

2009 Reference Mission Overview - The Mars Exploration Study Project was undertaken in 1992 to understand the programmatic and technical requirements that would be placed on existing and planned Agency programs - Center for Mars Exploration - NASA Ames Research Center.

A Mission Design for International Manned Mars Mission - A paper from the 1991 International Space University (ISU) Design Project Manned Mars Missions Project Planning NASA Johnson Space Center

An Organizational Model for an International Mars Mission - From the 1991 International Space University (ISU) Design Project Manned Mars Missions Organizations NASA Johnson Space Center

Analysis of the Synthesis Groups Mars Exploration Architecture - NASA Report LMEPO Document XE-91-001 (1991) Synthesis Group Mars Architectures - NASA Johnson Space Center

Exploring the Moon and Mars: Choices for the Nation - A July 1991 report produced by the Office of Technology Assessment (Adobe Acrobat format)

Human Exploration Technology: Goals and Requirements DRAFT Rev. 1.4a 11 September 1997 - Planning document prepared by NASA Johnson Space Center: "The purpose of these technical goals and requirements is to facilitate development of investment strategies for human exploration technology efforts. These requirements should not be considered or be used as design requirements but rather should be used to guide technology." - NASA Watch

JSC Human Exploration of Mars - The Reference Mission of the NASA Mars Exploration Study Team July 1997 (Adobe Acrobat format) - NASA Johnson Space Center.

Lunar Base as a Precursor to Mars Exploration and Settlement - Lunar Bases Manned Mars Missions - NASA Johnson Space Center

Mars Exploration Strategies: A Reference Design Mission - Conference Paper IAF 93-Q.1.383 (1993) Manned Mars Missions Mission Planning - NASA Johnson Space Center

Mars Exploration Strategies: A Reference Program and Comparison of Alternative Architectures - Conference Paper AIAA 93-4212 (1993) Manned Mars Missions Mission Planning - NASA Johnson Space Center

Mars on a Shoestring - An article by Robert Zubrin that deals with the Mars Direct mission concept and in-situ resource utilization as the means whereby the cost and complexity of a human mission to Mars can be dramatically reduced, November/December 1996 issue of Technology Review

Mars on Earth Webcams - The webcams located on Devon Island are sponsored by SpaceRef.com and make use of new PlanetNet wireless technology developed by Simon Fraser University in partnership with NASA.

Reference Mission Version 3.0: Addendum to the Human Exploration of Mars: The Reference Mission of the NASA Mars Exploration Study Team - June 1998 the role of this activity was to form a template by which exploration strategies may be evaluated and to stimulate additional thought and development in the exploration community and beyond NASA Johnson Space Center.

Romance to Reality: Moon and Mars expedition and settlement plans - This website contains more than 200 annotations of classic seminal and illustrative Moon and Mars expedition and settlement studies by David Portee.

Scientific American Frontiers: From Mir to Mars - This website was developed for the 1998 PBS special - includes a webcast interview between NASA astronaut Andy Thomas while he was aboard Mir and host Alan Alda on Earth.

Stanford International Mars Program: Mars Together - This is a plan developed to put humans on Mars early in the 21st century under development over the last five years by the Stanford Engineering School graduate students and faculty.

The Mars Project Phase One - This page serves as a virtual vantage point for observing the colonization and terraforming of Mars in 2058 utilizing some very nicely done QuickTime VR panoramas a cooperative effort between CleverMedia and Rob Martin.