The two mission proposals selected by NASA for further study are to orbit Jupiter from pole to pole for the first time to conduct an in-depth study of the giant planet and to drop robotic landers into a crater at the south pole of the Moon and return samples to Earth.

The SwRI instruments, JADE (Jovian Auroral Distributions Experiment) and Alice, are part of the proposed "Juno" mission to orbit Jupiter.

"The Juno mission will provide the critical information needed to understand how the solar system's largest planet, Jupiter, formed several billion years ago and how it interacts with the solar wind even today," says Dr. David J. McComas, senior executive director of the SwRI Space Science and Engineering Division.

JADE is designed to measure the auroral electron and ion populations along the planet's magnetic field lines and determine what particle populations create the jovian aurora. "The JADE experiment allows us to make the first direct measurements of the particles that create Jupiter's stunning auroral displays," says McComas, who serves as JADE principal investigator and has overall responsibility for the SwRI contribution.

The Alice instrument is designed to image ultraviolet emissions from the jovian aurora, which will allow space scientists to relate these auroral observations with JADE observations of the particle populations that create them. "The Alice instrument on Juno will provide Hubble-like images of Jupiter's powerful and dynamic aurora, but from the much better vantage points of directly above the north and south poles," says Dr. G. Randall Gladstone, an Institute scientist at SwRI who serves as Alice principal investigator.

The Alice instrument is similar to instruments of the same name flying on the European Space Agency's Rosetta comet orbiter and scheduled for flight on NASA's New Horizons mission to Pluto.

The Juno team proposes using a highly instrumented spacecraft placed in a polar orbit around Jupiter to investigate the existence of an ice-rock core, determine the global water and ammonia abundances in Jupiter's atmosphere, study convection and deep wind profiles in the atmosphere, investigate the origin of the jovian magnetic field and explore the polar magnetosphere. Dr. Scott Bolton of the Jet Propulsion Laboratory leads the overall investigation.

The other proposal selected by NASA for further study is "Moonrise: Lunar South Pole - Aitken Basin Sample Return Mission," led by Dr. Michael Duke of the Colorado School of Mines. This team proposes to land two identical landers on the surface near the Moon's south pole and return to Earth approximately five pounds of lunar materials from a region of the Moon's surface believed to harbor materials from its mantle.

Each proposal team now receives up to $1.2 million to conduct a seven-month feasibility study focused on cost, management and technical plans. NASA expects to select one of the mission proposals for full development in May 2005 as the second New Frontiers mission, for a June 2009 launch.

The first mission selected by NASA in the New Frontiers Program is New Horizons, which will examine the Pluto-Charon system in 2014 and later target a Kuiper belt object. SwRI manages the New Horizons science investigation for NASA. The spacecraft is currently under construction and is scheduled for a January 2006 launch.

Editors: An image to accompany this story is available from http://www.swri.org/press/hubble.htm